The Association of Vitamin D Levels with Histological Type and Stage of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent kind of lung cancer, making up around 85% of all cases. Treatment has advanced, but the prognosis is still bad, especially at advanced stages. Vitamin D levels have been implicated in cancer risk and progression. This study aims to evaluate Vitamin D levels and the association with the histological type and the staging of NSCLC. This analytical observational study included NSCLC patients diagnosed at RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar from February to May 2025. Vitamin D levels were measured in blood samples using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed to assess the correlation between Vitamin D levels, the histological type and staging of NSCLC. A total of 41 NSCLC subjects were included in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Lower Vitamin D levels were associated with advanced tumor stage (IV) (p = 0.004). Patients with lower Vitamin D levels showed histological type of Adenocarcinoma type (p = 0.002). Vitamin D levels are correlated with NSCLC stage and histological type. Assessing vitamin D levels in clinical practice may help guide individualized treatment plans and enhance prognosis assessments. These results need to be confirmed by bigger cohort studies with longer follow-up.