Serum Growth Factors, active-Matrix metalloproteinases -8 and Lipoxin A4some as a potential diagnostic biomarker for progression of periodontitis

Several growth factors play an important role in the progression of periodontitis. In addition Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and Lipoxin A4(LXA4) are involved in a wide range of pathologies including periodontitis. The goal of the current study was to analyze the serum levels of Lipoxin A4(LXA4), active-Matrix metalloproteinases-8(aMMP-8), an anti-inflammatory glycoprotein Milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor‐8 (MFG-E8), and highly pleiotropic cytokine Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β) in healthy and periodontitis (PO) patients, and to determine their accuracy in differentiating periodontitis patients from individuals with a healthy periodontium. The case-control study group included 100 individuals, categorized into 60 patients with periodontitis and 40 healthy people. Blood serum samples were collected from every patient, succeeded by lab analyses. The blood samples collected were centrifuged, stored at -80°C, and examined with an ELIZA technique. The serum levels of aMMP-8, MFG-E8 and TGF-β were remarkably elevated in periodontitis patients compared to healthy periodontitis, and the mean serum levels of LXA4 were remarkably reduced in periodontitis patients compared to healthy periodontitis. ROC curve analysis showed that both LXA4and aMMP-8 had a heightened diagnostic capacity for periodontitis (AUC=0.901; AUC=0.822 respectively), therefore both LXA4 and aMMP-8 biomarkers were efficacious in diagnosing patients with periodontitis. Serum LXA4and aMMP-8 showed significant diagnostic potential for identifying periodontitis and may serve as markers for screening, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy for PO. This study sheds light onto the possible roles of Lipoxin A4, MFG‐E8, and aMMP-8 biomarkers in the progression of periodontal disease.