Relationship Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Levels In Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Response Therapy

Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) have been associated with poor prognosis and therapy resistance. This study investigated the relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and treatment response in NSCLC patients. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, from September to November 2024, involving newly diagnosed, histopathologically confirmed NSCLC patients who provided informed consent. Patients with other malignancies were excluded. Serum IGF-1 was measured using ELISA, and treatment response was evaluated using RECIST criteria. Statistical analysis with Chi-square tests and ROC curves was performed using SPSS. Among 80 patients, mostly aged 45–60 years, 90% had a history of cigarette smoke exposure, and adenocarcinoma was the most common histology (46.3%). High IGF-1 levels were significantly associated with disease progression (OR = 3.84, p = 0.02), with 35% of patients showing progression. ROC analysis identified an IGF-1 cut-off value of 3115.22, yielding 84% sensitivity and 83% specificity. Elevated IGF-1 was also significantly linked to distant metastasis (OR = 3.86, p = 0.028). These findings suggest that high serum IGF-1 levels may serve as a predictive biomarker for disease progression and metastasis in NSCLC.