Geo-mapping of Distribution of New Oral Cancer Cases and Stage at Detection from 2019 to 2022

To analyse the trend and spatial pattern of the incidence of oral cancer and the stage at detection among adults in Selangor from 2019 to 2022 using geo-mapping tools. A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data of confirmed oral cancer cases among adults from 2019 to 2022, retrieved from seven public hospitals in Selangor. Data on patients’ residential postcodes and oral cancer stage at detection were extracted. Spatial analysis, including optimised hot spot analysis and heat map symbology, was performed using ArcGIS software. A total of 320 out of 333 registered oral cancer cases met the inclusion criteria. A distinct spatial pattern was observed in the distribution of oral cancer and stage at detection across administrative districts in Selangor. Klang recorded the highest number of cases, followed by Petaling and Hulu Langat. The highest concentration of cases was identified in areas with household incomes below the state mean. Most patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. The findings demonstrate a spatial clustering of oral cancer cases and advanced-stage detection, highlighting the need for geographically targeted oral cancer screening, prevention, and health promotion strategies.