From Liver to Heart: The Impact of MAFLD Fibrosis on QT Interval Prolongation

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a growing global health concern, with increasing evidence linking it to cardiovascular complications. One such complication is QT interval prolongation, which can predispose individuals to life-threatening arrhythmias. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fibrosis progression in MAFLD and QT interval prolongation, and to assess the potential cardiovascular risks associated with this association. A cohort of 90 patients diagnosed with MAFLD was analyzed for demographic data, liver fibrosis, and QT interval status. Fibrosis was assessed using FibroScan, and QT interval prolongation was determined through 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG). The degree of fibrosis was categorized as F0–F1 (non-fibrosis), F2 (mild fibrosis), and F3–F4 (severe fibrosis). Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between fibrosis progression and QT interval prolongation. The study found a significant correlation between fibrosis severity and QT interval prolongation. None of the non-fibrotic patients exhibited QT prolongation, whereas 50% of the patients with severe fibrosis (F3–F4) had prolonged QT intervals. Further analysis revealed that patients with severe fibrosis had a 12.38 times higher likelihood of developing QT prolongation compared to those with mild fibrosis (F2), with an odds ratio of 12.38 (95% CI 1.99–77.07; p = 0.010). Our findings suggest that MAFLD, especially with advanced fibrosis, is significantly associated with QT interval prolongation. Given the potential cardiovascular risks, routine monitoring of QT intervals in patients with fibrotic MAFLD is recommended to mitigate the risk of arrhythmias. These results underline the need for comprehensive clinical management of MAFLD, considering both liver and cardiac health.