Expression Analysis Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Ligand (RANKL) after the Aplication of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Gel on Periodontitis Induced by Porphyromonas Gingivalis Bacteria in Rattus Norvegicus

Periodontitis results from a complex interaction between subgingival biofilm and host immune response, leading to persistent inflammation, periodontal tissue damage, and alveolar bone resorption. Although topical antibiotics and antiseptics are often used in treatment, their limited retention in the gingival sulcus can reduce effectiveness. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), rich in lauric acid, polyphenols, and tocopherols, has shown antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties that may enhance periodontal healing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of VCO gel application on RANKL expression in a periodontitis animal model. Thirty Rattus norvegicus were divided into three groups: VCO gel, positive control (metronidazole gel), and negative control (SRP only). Periodontitis was induced using Porphyromonas gingivalis, and treatments were applied for 14 and 21 days. RANKL expression was assessed immunohistochemically in gingival tissue. VCO gel significantly reduced RANKL expression compared to both positive and negative controls at both observation points, indicating its effectiveness in suppressing bone resorption markers and promoting periodontal tissue healing. VCO gel is effective in reducing RANKL expression in experimental periodontitis, supporting its potential as an adjunctive natural therapy for enhancing alveolar bone regeneration and periodontal healing.